Sentence elements are the groups of words that combine together to comprise the ‘building units’ of a well-formed sentence. A sentence element approach to grammar assumes a top-down methodology. In other words, it starts with the sentence as a whole and then divides it into its functional components.
There are five types of sentence element:
subject
verb
object
predicative (aka complement)
adverbial
In the sentence below every type of sentence element is present and is represented in this example by a single word.
They elected him president yesterday.
They (=subject), elected (=verb), him (=object), president (=predicative), yesterday (=adverbial
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